It's no secret that exercise is good for your heart, but did you know that it can also have a positive impact on a variety of other biomarkers related to cardiometabolic health? A recent systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials set out to quantify the effects of exercise on cardiorespiratory fitness and a range of cardiometabolic biomarkers in adults without cardiovascular disease.
Here are some key takeaways from the study:
Exercise significantly increases cardiorespiratory fitness: Both absolute and relative fitness levels were found to be higher in exercise groups compared to controls.
Lipid profiles improve with exercise: Exercise was linked to lower levels of triglycerides and higher levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (aka "good" cholesterol) and apolipoprotein A1.
Exercise can help regulate insulin levels: The study found lower fasting insulin levels, a measure of insulin resistance, and glycosylated hemoglobin A1c (a marker of long-term blood sugar control) in exercise groups.
Exercise has anti-inflammatory effects: Exercise was associated with higher levels of interleukin-18 (a pro-inflammatory marker) and lower levels of leptin, fibrinogen, and angiotensin II (markers of inflammation).
But the benefits of exercise weren't evenly distributed across all groups. The study found that the effects of exercise on these biomarkers were modified by age, sex, and health status. People under 50, men, and those with type 2 diabetes, hypertension, dyslipidemia, or metabolic syndrome seemed to benefit more from exercise. These findings have significant implications for the design of targeted lifestyle interventions. It's clear that exercise can play a key role in maintaining overall health and well-being, and it's never too late to start reaping the benefits. So don't wait – get moving today!
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